What is an example of a short-term effect resulting from high doses of radiation?

• A. Nausea
• B. Hair loss
• C. Fatigue
• D. Skin burns

Answer: (B)

The correct answer identifies hair loss as a short-term effect that can result from exposure to high doses of radiation. High levels of radiation can damage rapidly dividing cells, which include those in hair follicles. The process of hair growth is dependent on the continuous proliferation of cells; therefore, when these cells are harmed by radiation, it can lead to hair loss or thinning shortly after the exposure.

Short-term effects from radiation exposure typically manifest relatively quickly post-exposure, often within days to weeks. Nausea and vomiting are also immediate effects of radiation exposure, however, hair loss specifically relates to the damaging impact on scalp cells. Fatigue can result from the body’s response to the stress of radiation injury but is often a longer-term effect resulting from bodily recovery. Skin burns can occur as well, depending on the area of exposure and the dose; however, hair loss distinctly represents a common acute response to high radiation doses due to its effect on hair follicle health.